A child is one year old - the first significant date in a child's life, without the celebration of which no family can do. For some babies, this event does not entail any changes related to changing the usual daily routine, for others, the transition to a new age category is associated with a restructuring of the daytime rest and feeding schedule.
Table with the daily routine for a child at 12 months of life
- 6:00-6:30 The awakened baby is breastfed or given formula.
- 6:30-10:00 A series of usual morning procedures: washing, brushing teeth, taking air baths and a complex of morning exercises.
- 10:00-10:30 A portion of porridge filled with a drop of butter will give the baby strength and cheer up.
- 10:30-12:00 The first period of daytime sleep.
- 12:00-14:00 The rested baby goes for a walk.
- 14:00-14:30 Time for lunch.
- 14:30-15:30 The most successful moment for intellectual and creative activity: reading children's books, sculpting and drawing.
- 15:30-17:00 The second period of daytime sleep.
- 17:00-18:00 Time for outdoor games and physical education: a well-rested baby is full of strength and energy.
- 18:00-18:30 A hearty dinner will restore the supply of calories spent in the process of vigorous physical activity.
- 18:30-20:30 The refreshed child is going for a walk with the closest people.
- 20:30-22:00 Communication with family members continues: it is time for developing games, during which the intellect and motor skills of small muscles are actively developing. Approximately in the middle of this time period, you can carve out a quarter of an hour for bathing your baby.
- 22:00-22:30 Evening snack, prior to laying the crumbs.
- 22:30-6:00 It's time for night dreams.
This daily routine, which unchanged the sequence and duration of all regime moments of the previous month, is suitable only for those kids who still need two periods of daytime rest.
However, among the yearlings, there are babies whose nervous system has become so strong that frequent rest for its recovery is no longer needed. For these children, a new regimen is needed with only one nap..
Sleep
The daily routine that governs the life of a one-year-old child may contain one of two sleep patterns:
- The first, which has become habitual for a child who has obeyed him for the past two months, involves biphasic daytime sleep, consisting of two 1.5 hour periods... Babies who need this sleep pattern are able to remain vigorous for four hours. The evening lights out for them comes at 22:00. With this option for daytime rest, two long walks and five meals a day fit perfectly into the daily routine.
- The second option, with only one long nap, requires a radical restructuring of the entire daily routine. The crumbs for whom such a rest schedule is comfortable demonstrate the characteristic features characteristic of the temperament of "owls": they wake up no earlier than seven (and sometimes eight) in the morning. "Quiet hour" (lasting at least 2-3 hours) will have to be arranged for them closer to 13:00. Since it will end no earlier than 16:00, there can be no talk of any five-time feeding: the baby will only be able to feed four times... Such a daily routine has two important advantages: it is close to the conditions of keeping babies in a preschool institution, so the adaptation of the crumbs who went to kindergarten will take place without any problems (adaptation of the child in kindergarten). The second plus is that the parents of a baby who goes on a nightly rest at 21:00 have the opportunity to devote a little more time to each other.
[sc: rsa]
What sleep schedule suits a baby at 1 year old, parents decide by observing his behavior. The indication for the transition to a one-time nap is a combination of the following manifestations:
- Despite the fact that the time has come for the first daytime sleep, the baby continues to remain vigorous and energetic. Without showing the slightest sign of sleepiness, he is ready to play or study with his mother;
- Attempts to go to bed cause a strong protest from the crumbs;
- The process of daytime laying is delayed so much that it leads to a significant shift in time of all regime moments.
If this behavior is repeated from day to day, you can gradually change the usual daily routine by giving your baby a one-time, but longer day's rest. Of course, there should be no question of any adult violence.
Feeding
The nutritional schedule of a twelve-month-old child depends entirely on how many times he rests during the day..
- With a two-phase mode of daytime sleep, the baby is fed five times... If the mother still has breast milk, it is perfect for both the first breakfast and for feeding the baby in the evening before laying him down for the night (the artificial person can be fed with milk formula).
During the second breakfast, lunch and dinner, the year-old receives food from the common table. His diet consists of cereals, soups, boiled and stewed vegetables, meat and fish dishes. A child of this age does not need any additional wiping of food. Fish and meat intended for feeding the baby (if they are not served in the form of meatballs and cutlets) can be cut into small pieces: this is necessary for the development of the chewing reflex and the formation of the correct bite.
The list of foods contraindicated for a small child remains the same: there should be no spicy, spicy and fried foods, citrus fruits, chocolate, nuts, smoked meats, canned food, sausages and confectionery on his table. Instead of factory sweets (sweets, cakes and fatty cookies), which you so want to pamper your beloved baby, it is better to give him fresh berries and fruits or add them to ready-made meals.
- If the sleep regimen provides for one long rest, the baby's food becomes four times a day.... Reducing the number of feeds does not mean that you should increase the amount of food offered to the baby. For one feeding, he should eat no more than 250 ml of products useful for him.
With this feeding regime, the baby does not start breakfast immediately after waking up, but after washing, brushing his teeth and doing morning exercises. This should happen no earlier than 8:30. Four hours later - at 12:30 - the child is fed a lunch consisting of any soups (vegetable, meat or fish), steamed patties with vegetable puree (broccoli, cauliflower, potatoes or carrots), juice or compote.
The baby is given fish twice a week and beef liver dishes twice a month. After a long nap - at 16:30 - it is time for an afternoon snack. Since with this type of nutrition, the baby will have dinner before four hours have expired, during the midday snack he is served lighter dishes: baby curd, casserole or cheese cakes, fruit puree and favorite juice.
At 19:00 you can feed the one year old with milk porridge or vegetable puree; occasionally a steamed omelet or a boiled egg is given. You can finish your dinner with weak tea, compote or fruit juice.
Physical exercise
A child of 12 months of age needs constant building and strengthening of muscle mass. This can be done during morning exercises and home physical education.... The complexes must include:
- walking on various (straight, inclined, flat and bumpy) surfaces;
- exercises with hanging the baby on rings or a horizontal bar;
- all kinds of squats (with and without support for the handles);
- all types of crawling;
- slopes;
- exercises with crawling through a hoop and under an obstacle;
- exercises to strengthen the abdominal muscles;
- throwing the ball;
- circular rotation of the limbs;
- strengthening the skills of safely getting off the chair, bed or sofa.
Gymnastics should be done only in a well-ventilated room and with an open window (of course, avoiding drafts). To make physical education pleasurable for the baby, they can be carried out with cheerful rhythmic music.
A one-year-old child no longer needs to perform a general strengthening massage: thanks to active and constant movement, his muscles begin to develop without external external efforts (the only exception is a special doctor's prescription). Unhurried walks over fairly long distances are very useful for him. Many mothers enroll with a baby in a development school and study under the supervision of qualified specialists.
Hygiene
1 year is the age when the baby begins to understand that brushing teeth, washing your face and washing your hands before eating are procedures that must be performed every day. It is from this age that it is necessary to form hygienic skills in him, which over time will turn into a useful habit.
Daily bathing of crumbs is no longer necessary; if mom is not going to give up the ritual of his nightly bathing, it is necessary to lubricate the delicate baby skin with a special oil or cream after taking a bath. Salts with minerals and herbal extracts added to the baby bath have an excellent moisturizing effect.
Seasoned babies are bathed in water, the temperature of which does not exceed twenty-nine degrees (for the rest of the children, this value is at least thirty-four degrees), and poured over with cooler (a couple of degrees) water.
Developing activities
The arsenal of educational toys for a year is quite wide. The baby should have:
- sets of different cubes (wooden, soft or plastic);
- nesting dolls;
- all kinds of pyramids (from rings, balls, hollow caps);
- children's musical instruments (drum, battery-powered piano, metallophone);
- toy-sorters (with curly slots on the lid and a set of corresponding inserts);
- sensory mats (laces, fasteners, buttons, Velcro on them contribute to the development of fine motor skills);
- game centers;
- puzzles (2-4 pieces);
- rubber toys depicting birds and animals;
- loto for little ones;
- wheelchairs (on a string or with a long handle);
- big and small balls.
Educational games with a 12 month old baby are becoming more and more challenging and interesting:
- Finger games are very useful for the development of fine motor skills: "Finger-boy", "Magpie-crow", "Ladushki".
- Having taught the baby how to fold the matryoshka correctly, the mother will contribute to the development of his eyes and logical thinking.
- Looking at the pictures in the book with a tiny bit, you can play the game "Find and Show". First, you need to show the kid where the cat's eyes are drawn (dolls, dogs), and then ask him to find them on his own. This game can be played ad infinitum, coming up with new tasks.
- By turning on rhythmic music and moving to it with the child, the mother will help develop his hearing and sense of rhythm.
- You can teach a baby to extract sounds from children's musical instruments (drum, tambourine, metallophone, pipe). The simplest tools can be made by hand by pouring peas, cereals or buttons into small plastic bottles.
- An impromptu "sandbox" made of a bowl filled with moistened salt will allow your kid to make beautiful Easter cakes. This game develops motor skills of small muscles, eyes and perseverance.
- Drawing lessons are very useful for the development of fine motor skills and aesthetic perception of reality. Yearlings enjoy painting with paints, felt-tip pens and wax crayons. Before such an activity, it is necessary to put on clothes on the baby that you do not mind getting dirty and constantly be with him. It is better to cover the table at which the child is sitting with a newspaper.
Compliance with the daily routine for a child at 1 year old makes the baby more disciplined, obedient and healthy. A child accustomed to order will be able to quickly adapt to the new conditions of a preschool institution.
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