Children have tremendous intellectual and emotional potential. Many psychologists believe that if you purposefully deal with a child, he will better absorb information in kindergarten and school. For this purpose, well-known teachers have developed effective methods of education, which are successfully applied throughout the world. Which one to choose? Read our article and make your choice.
Glen Doman - Raising from the cradle
An American pediatrician has created a unique technique for the formation of mental abilities in young children. He believed that the most rewarding time for learning is up to seven years, while the brain is actively developing. The method is based on confidence in the child's truly limitless abilities to assimilate information obtained from pictures with words and images. Doman also attached great importance to the physical development of infants, linking it with intelligence. The author had an extremely negative attitude to swaddling and everything that constrains movement and hinders the motor activity of babies. Systematic exercises according to the Doman system stimulate early speech development, speed reading and children's curiosity, expand vocabulary. (Details about the Glen Doman method)
Waldorf school - imitate an adult
The main thing in this method is not strict “cramming” and compulsion, but imitation of adults through role-playing games. Waldorf educators are extremely negative about early intellectual development. For example, learning to read and write begins only at the age of 12. Great attention is paid to revealing the individuality of children through folk culture and creative activities. The child is introduced to the magical world of fairy tales (the influence of fairy tales on child development), music, dances and myths. The main activities are singing, theatrical performances, painting, working with natural materials. But the attitude towards the achievements of civilization - television and computers - is ambiguous. They are considered sources of unnecessary information for babies.
Maria Montessori - Comprehensive Education
One of the most common techniques that parents have successfully used for decades. The main idea of the Montessori school is that children need to be taught to write before other skills: counting, reading. Central to this pedagogical concept is His Majesty the Child. In a specially organized environment, consisting of several zones (mathematical, sensory, creative, speech, etc.), kids improve skills that correspond to their age, acquire knowledge from their own experience. An adult, on the other hand, observes the game process, offers children the necessary materials and toys (but does not impose), thanks to which they can fully develop. By the way, this technique is aimed not only at cognitive development, but also at the formation of work skills and respectful attitude towards other people. In detailMaria Montessori technique: advantages and disadvantages
Leonid Bereslavsky - we educate every minute
Doctor of Philosophy, inventor Leonid Bereslavsky believes that children need to develop every minute, and adults must provide them with such an opportunity. The author recommends working with the child according to his own method from one and a half years, so as not to miss any important sensitive period, designed to master a certain skill. So, at a year and a half, priority is given to the development of fine motor skills, attention, and the study of animal species. From the age of three, tasks on logic, geometric shapes and spatial representations are added. And by the time of entering school, it is necessary to train memory and logical thinking, gradually ordering the previously acquired knowledge. Another highlight is early chess training, familiarity with which begins at 3.5 years old.
Cecile Lupan - learning to understand the baby
The author of the method is not a scientist or even a teacher, but, first of all, a loving mother of two daughters, who wished to give them the necessary skills to learn about the world. Having tested the Glen Doman system on her little ones, Cecile decided to rework it, rightly believing that it is necessary to take into account the interests of the baby and conduct developmental exercises on topics of concern to him. If the crumb rattles with pots, give him the opportunity to play the drums. If the kid reaches for a knitted scarf, give him fabric samples for tactile experiments. This program includes a large number of games to improve perception, as well as many sections on music, history, geography, foreign language, reading, etc. There are even special exercises for swimming (the benefits of swimming from birth) and horse riding!
Jean Ledloff - Natural Education
Psychotherapist Jean Ledloff spent several years with the Yequana Indians and became imbued with their educational traditions. These people were truly happy, did not experience negative emotions, and their children cried very rarely. Returning to her homeland, Jean threw away the Western notions of parenting and wrote an unusual and controversial book about natural development "How to Raise a Happy Child." The meaning of this method is to be with the baby constantly in the first months, and in the future - not to interfere with the formation of an independent personality: not to control, not to sink to his level, but to be a model of behavior for him.
Nikolay Zaitsev - read before speaking
The famous teacher, the author of many scientific developments, has created his own now popular method of teaching reading, which has been used from an early age. Children sing, have fun, learn to build word-towers and little trains. Judging by the feedback from parents using this technique, 4-year-olds begin to read after a few lessons. The technique is based on special cubes on which not letters, but syllables are drawn. Children form words from them. Cubes differ from each other in size, color, weight and sound (the filler emits voiced or dull sounds). Playing with such blocks, the child will master speech skills, get an initial understanding of the Russian language and significantly outstrip his peers in development.
Nikitins are healthy and smart children
The method of the classics of Russian pedagogy Boris and Elena Nikitin is based on their observations of their own children. To awaken a craving for knowledge in a baby, it is necessary to prepare a developing environment - to hang various tables, letters, geographical maps. Physical education requires simulators, sports equipment and health exercises (up to swimming in icy water and rubbing off with snow). The teachers have developed interesting educational aids - cubes, puzzles, the main feature of which is multifunctionality and the ability to achieve the goal in various ways. This learning system, developed several decades ago, is still relevant today, despite conflicting responses and controversial opinions.
Shalva Amonashvili - humane pedagogy
Doctor of Psychology, Professor Amonashvili has developed his own pedagogical concept based on a humane approach to preschoolers and schoolchildren. The main principle of the method is that an adult must cooperate with a child on equal terms, see him as a person. This technique is finding more and more supporters, as it is truly special. The author does not offer a ready-made list of exercises for the formation of a separate ability or skill, but a list of rules that teachers and parents need to follow. According to the famous psychologist, the child will achieve better results if he is not coerced or controlled. There are no bad children, there are adults who do not know how to communicate with them.
Dr. Suzuki - Education by Music
Shinichi Suzuki believed that all children are talented and intelligent by nature, which means that every child from an early age can be taught to freely handle musical instruments. If you surround your child with wonderful classical music from childhood, he will learn to love art, receive a comprehensive and complete education. However, the purpose of this technique is not to educate a great violinist or pianist, but to raise a good, open person. (Reading: The Impact of Music on Children's Development)
Each baby is individual, which is why it is so difficult to stay within the framework of any one developmental technique. The best way out is to take from them what seems to be important in the development of your children. In this case, you become an innovative teacher who has his own effective method of raising his child.
- Early Childhood Development Techniques
- What are you parents: 9 parenting mistakes
Irina Sinitsyna, psychologist, speech therapist, author of her own method of raising children:
