The most common causes of a common cold are various viruses, allergens or pathogenic bacteria. They provoke inflammation of the mucous membrane and its swelling, abundant discharge from the nose, interfere with breathing through the nose, eating and sleeping peacefully at night.
To combat such symptoms in children, vasoconstrictor drugs are often used. One of the medicines in this group is Nazivin. In what forms is it produced, how does it affect the child's body, what dose is recommended in childhood and how to properly bury the nose of a child older than a year with Nazivin?
Release form and composition
The drug is released in the form of an almost transparent liquid that has no color or has a slight yellow tint. The main ingredient of such a solution is oxymetazoline in the form of hydrochloride. The concentration of this substance is different, like the packaging of the medicine. Nazivin in pharmacies is presented:
- Nose drops... They are available in glass bottles equipped with special pipettes on the cap. The concentration of such a drug can be 0.01%, 0.025% and 0.05%. The drug with the lowest dosage is intended for children under one year old and is presented in a 5 ml bottle. Drops with a concentration of 0.025% and 0.05% are produced in 10 ml in one bottle. In addition to oxymetazoline, they contain disodium edetate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium hydrogen phosphate, as well as water, sodium hydroxide and benzalkonium chloride.
- Nasal spray... It is produced in plastic bottles that have a spray bottle. Inside one bottle is 10 ml of solution, and the concentration of oxymetazoline in it is 0.05%, which corresponds to a dosage of 500 μg / 1 ml. Additional components of the drug are citric acid, glycerol, benzalkonium chloride, purified water and sodium citrate.
In addition, you can see Nazivin Sensitiv in the assortment of pharmacies. The main component of such a drug (oxymetazoline). Indications, possible negative effects and contraindications fully coincide with the usual Nazivin. First of all, the preparation marked "sensitive" is intended for children prone to allergies, since it does not include benzalkonium chloride and rarely causes an allergic reaction.
One of the forms of Nazivin Sensitive are drops, which include 0.01% of the active ingredient and are used in the treatment of infants. For children over a year old, the medication is produced in the form of a metered spray:
- With the content of the active ingredient in one dose of 11.25 μg, which corresponds to a concentration of 250 μg / 1 ml.
- With the content of oxymetazoline in 1 dose in an amount of 22.5 μg, that is, with a concentration of 500 μg / 1 ml.
Each of these drugs is available in 10 ml vials and contains approximately 220 doses of the drug. The bottles are made of plastic and equipped with a special dosing device.
Operating principle
The active compound of Nazivin affects the alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, as a result of which there is a narrowing of the small vessels that are in the nasal passages. Medication use:
- Reduces edema and hyperemia of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.
- Reduces the volume of nasal discharge.
- Helps to restore breathing through the nose.
- Additionally, it acts on the paranasal sinuses, as well as on the middle ear, preventing complications of the common cold in the form of sinusitis or otitis media.
- It has a therapeutic effect only at the place of processing.
- Does not provoke redness and irritation of the mucous membrane inside the nasal passages.
The medication begins to act literally in the first minutes after it enters the nose, and the vasoconstrictor effect after treatment with the solution lasts up to 12 hours.
Indications
In childhood, Nazivin is in demand:
- In the treatment of ARVI, if the disease is manifested by a runny nose.
- In the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
- In the treatment of rhinitis, which is called vasomotor.
- In combination with other drugs for eustachitis, adenoids, otitis media or sinusitis.
- Before performing any diagnostic procedures in the nasal passages.
What forms are used in children over a year old?
For infants, 0.01% drops are released, but for older children, the amount of active compound in such Nazivin will be insufficient. At the age of one to six, drops are prescribed, which contain 0.025% oxymetazoline. For the treatment of children over 6 years old, a 0.05% solution is prescribed in any form.
As for Nazivin Sensitiv, in children older than a year, only a spray is used, one dose of which contains 11.25 μg of the active ingredient. A more concentrated agent, containing 22.5 μg of oxymetazoline in each dose, has been used since the age of six.
What to choose?
When choosing the most optimal form of medicine for a child, first of all, the concentration of the drug is taken into account, after which it is determined with the packaging. Note that it is very convenient to use both types of Nazivin - the drops are easily dosed and fall directly into the baby's nose due to the curved shape of the pipette built into the cap, and the spray is sprayed over the entire mucous membrane in the required dose with a light pressure. However, in practice, the form of the spray seems to most mothers more suitable, since it is not necessary to lie down to administer the drug, and the risk of overdose with such a remedy is minimal.
Contraindications
Treatment with Nazivin is prohibited:
- In case of hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline or other ingredient of the solution.
- With angle-closure glaucoma.
- With rhinitis, flowing in atrophic form.
If the child has any diseases of the cardiovascular system, diabetes mellitus is detected, or there is thyrotoxicosis, it is necessary to drip or inject Nazivin with caution.
Side effects
Side effects include:
- Sometimes after the introduction of Nazivin into the nose, such negative local symptoms as a feeling of dryness, sneezing, a slight burning sensation, and discomfort in the nasal passages occur.
- After the cessation of action, reactive hyperemia is often observed and the child begins to complain of nasal congestion.
- In some children, the drug provokes restless behavior, nausea, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and headaches.
- Prolonged use of sray / drops is addictive and medication-induced rhinitis. In addition, a very long treatment can cause atrophic changes in the nasal mucosa.
Instructions for use
Before injecting / dripping Nazivin, you should clear the nasal passages, removing excess secretions from them. To do this, it is advised to use a syringe or an aspirator, because the use of cotton swabs can be dangerous, especially at an early age. Before applying drops, a small patient is placed on a flat surface and the head is slightly thrown back. The older child is asked to sit down and tilt his head back slightly. The medication is first dripped into one nasal passage so that the drug hits the side wall, and then the same steps are repeated for the second nostril.
If a spray is used, the child must be warned to hold his breath. After completing the procedure, the excess solution that has flowed out of the nose is wiped off with a cotton pad or napkin.
For patients from 1 to 6 years old, the solution is prescribed in the following single doses:
- One or two drops of 0.025% Nazivin in the form of nasal drops.
- One injection of Sensitive spray containing 11.25 μg of oxymetazoline in each dose.
If the child is already 6 years old, then use the following single dosages:
- One drop of Nazivin 0.05%, produced in nasal drops (sometimes 2 drops at once).
- 1 injection of 0.05% Nazivin spray.
- One injection of the Sensitiv preparation containing 22.5 μg of active compound in each dose.
The medicine is alternately injected in the indicated doses, first into one and then into the second nasal passage. The frequency of use is twice a day, and if necessary, the medicine is puffed or dripped three times a day. The duration of treatment with a solution at any age is 3-5 days. If during this period the medication does not help, you should not continue treatment. In such a situation, it is best to consult a doctor and choose another therapy with him.
Overdose
Due to the exceeded dose of Nazivin, vomiting, constriction of the pupils, increased heart rate, respiratory failure, fever, arrhythmia and other symptoms appear. If the overdose is severe, pulmonary edema, mental disorders and even coma may occur. Having discovered poisoning, after washing the stomach, you must immediately call an ambulance.
Interaction with other drugs
Like many other vasoconstrictor drugs, Nazivin cannot be used with MAO blockers or tricyclic antidepressants. Also, you should not enter into the nasal passages with Nazivin any other means that constrict blood vessels (for example, Otrivin or Ksilen), because this will increase the side effects of drops or spray.
Terms of sale
All forms of Nazivin are classified as over-the-counter drugs, so the drug can be easily purchased at most pharmacies. The price of the drug depends on its form and concentration, for example, 0.05% Nazivin spray costs an average of 140 rubles, and for 10 ml of 0.025% drops you need to pay from 130 to 150 rubles. Sensitiv preparations are somewhat more expensive - 160-180 rubles per bottle.
Storage conditions and shelf life
It is recommended to keep Nazivin and Nazivin Sensitiv at home at temperatures up to 25 degrees Celsius in a place where the medication will be reliably hidden from small children. The shelf life of all forms of the drug is 3 years. If it has expired, dripping or injecting the solution into the child's nose is unacceptable. The date after which the medicine is no longer used is marked on the package of the spray or drops and does not depend on the opening time.
Reviews
There are many good reviews about the use of Nazivin in children over a year old, which confirm the high efficiency of the solution and praise the drug for its ease of use, the ability to choose a medicine for a child of different ages and low cost. Mothers note that drops and spray quickly help with nasal congestion. The disadvantages of the drug include addiction to its active compound and other side effects.
Doctors also speak well of Nazivin. However, they focus on the fact that such a remedy only eliminates the symptoms of a cold, and does not fight the cause. For example, if rhinitis is allergic, then simultaneously with the use of Nazivin, it is important to determine allergens and exclude their effect on the body of a small patient.
In addition, all pediatricians, among whom is Dr. Komarovsky, warn that uncontrollably dripping a child's nose with a runny nose is dangerous and leads to addiction. Any vasoconstrictor should be used in children only after examination by a pediatrician, ENT doctor or other specialist.
Analogs
Other drugs can replace Nazivin, the action of which is also provided by oxymetazoline, for example:
- Afrin.
- Nazol.
- Nesopin.
- Vicks Active Sinex.
- Nazospray.
- Oxyphrine.
- Sialor Rino.
- Knoxprey.
In addition to such funds, medicines with other active ingredients can be used in the treatment of a common cold in children, both cheaper and more expensive than Nazivin. Among them are in demand:
- Preparations made from sea water... These include Aqua-Maris, Morenazal, Physiomer, Morenazal and other products produced in drops and spray. They can be used in children of any age, both in the treatment of a common cold (to wash off viruses, bacteria or allergens from the mucous membrane), and for prophylaxis (moisturize the nasopharynx, preventing drying out). Inhalation with saline has a similar effect.
- Medicines containing xylometazoline... Such vasoconstrictor drugs act like Nazivin and are prescribed from 2 years of age. These include Xilen, Xymelin, Xylometazoline, Otrivin, Nosolin, Snoop, Rinorus, Tizin and other agents.
- Pinosol... The peculiarity of this medicine is its plant origin, since the main ingredients of Pinosol are eucalyptus, pine and mint oils, supplemented with thymol and alpha-tocopherol. The drug acts as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent. It is produced in several forms - in the form of an ointment and drops, it is used in children over 2 years of age, and the spray is prescribed from 3 years of age.
- Phenylephrine preparations... Among such vasoconstrictor drugs, Nazol Baby (used even in children under one year old) and Nazol Kids (prescribed from 4 years old) are prescribed to combat the common cold. Also in demand are combined products, in which other active ingredients are added to phenylephrine, for example, Adrianol, Vibrocil or Rinopront.
- Antiseptics... They are often prescribed for colds caused by bacteria or viruses. Among such drugs, Miramistin, Dioxidin, Protargol or Chlorophyllipt are usually used. It is important to consult a doctor before using them in children.
Dr. Komarovsky will tell you about the most effective medicines for the common cold in the next video.
