Quite often, kids of different ages complain to their parents that they have some kind of discomfort in their mouths. Often, when examining a baby's throat, attentive dads and mothers notice the appearance of a rash. What parents should do when a child has such rashes, we will tell in this article.
Reasons for the appearance
A wide variety of factors cause a rash on the tongue. At each age, the causes of rashes in the mouth are different. According to statistics, children of preschool age most often develop children's quarantine infections. Schoolchildren fall ill mainly with infectious diseases.
Scarlet fever
One of the most common diseases that cause sore throat in babies is scarlet fever. It is an infectious disease that is transmitted from a sick child to a healthy one. Children attending educational institutions and various circles have a higher risk of infection, as they are constantly in contact with other babies.
The appearance of a rash on the tongue, on the upper palate, as well as on the inner surfaces of the cheeks is a characteristic manifestation of scarlet fever. It appears in the baby against the background of other, rather severe symptoms. The body temperature of a sick child rises to 39-40 degrees. The kid becomes very moody, exciting. The child's appetite and sleep are significantly disturbed.
Chicken pox
The appearance of rashes on the tongue can also be a manifestation of chickenpox. This childhood infection occurs in babies who have not been vaccinated against this infection. A red rash with chickenpox occurs not only on the tongue, but also on other parts of the body. The spread of loose elements occurs swiftly. Usually red spots spread all over the body within 1-2 days from the moment the first symptoms appear.
Even eating too solid food can lead to rashes in the mouth. Its particles can injure loose elements. If at the same time a secondary bacterial infection gets into the resulting wounds, then the course of the disease worsens significantly.
In this case, the child's general well-being is greatly disturbed. Antibacterial medications may be required to eliminate adverse symptoms.
Herpes
Herpes infections can also cause mouth rashes in babies. Such diseases are manifested by the development of multiple small bubbles on the mucous membranes of the palate and cheeks. There is a serous-bloody fluid inside them. The outer wall of such rashes is usually very thin and easily injured. Violation of the integrity of the bubbles contributes to the fact that they burst, and the liquid flows out.
After opening a herpetic rash, a sore remains in its place, which can bleed when touched. It will take some time for the wound surface to heal. Usually, it takes 1-2 weeks for the final restoration of the damaged oral cavity.
Candidiasis
If, when examining the oral cavity, multiple plaque is visible on the tongue, then this may be a manifestation fungal infection... Candida infection leads to this pathology in babies. The sources of infection in this case are Candida fungi. Most often, this pathology occurs in weakened and often sick babies. Children with diabetes and high blood sugar may have characteristic manifestations of a fungal infection in the mouth.
The duration of the persistence of unfavorable symptoms that have arisen with oral candidiasis varies. Usually, such infections are accompanied by the gradual development of the disease. Loose elements can persist without treatment for several weeks.
If the child has an immunodeficiency state, then the course of the disease becomes more protracted.
Allergy
Various allergic pathologies can lead to the appearance of bright red rashes on the tongue and inner surfaces of the cheeks. Usually, such manifestations occur in places of direct contact of the mucous membranes with the allergen. However, rashes can also occur with the systemic spread of an allergic condition.
According to statistics, a fairly common form leading to the development of various rashes in the oral cavity becomes food allergies. The first signs of this pathology can already appear in infants. The introduction of complementary foods into the diet often leads to the fact that various bright red rashes appear in the baby's oral cavity.
Where to contact?
If a baby has a variety of rashes, you should definitely show him to the doctor. To establish a diagnosis, the doctor will definitely conduct a clinical examination. To do this, he will check the neck with a special spatula. In some cases, to exclude quarantine infections, the pediatrician will take a smear that excludes the signs of scarlet fever or diphtheria in the child's neck.
For differential diagnostics additional laboratory tests and studies are required. All babies with inflammation in the oral cavity and various rashes are required to undergo a general blood test. Increased ESR and leukocytosis are characteristic manifestations of a strong inflammatory process.
Changes in the leukocyte count are a manifestation of a bacterial, viral or fungal infection.
How to treat?
After establishing the diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe the necessary treatment regimen for the sick child. It will be largely based on the underlying cause of the baby's adverse symptoms.
If an allergy has become a "provocateur" of the disease, then the sick child is discharged antihistamines. These funds are assigned to the course admission. It usually takes 5-14 days to achieve a positive effect. Commonly used antihistamines include "Suprastin", "Claritin", "Loratadin" and others. These funds should be used 1-2 times a day, taking into account the instructions for their use.
You can reduce inflammation in the mouth by rinsing. For this, it is better to use medicinal herbs that have anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. These medicinal plants include: chamomile, calendula, sage and others. These funds can be used for a wide variety of diseases, accompanied by the development of a variety of rashes in the oral cavity.
Medicinal herbs can be purchased at any pharmacy. They are affordable, but have a fairly pronounced therapeutic effect. For rinsing, it is necessary to prepare decoctions from these plants. Gargle a damaged throat 3-4 times a day. It is best to do this 30-40 minutes after eating.
To prepare such a medicinal infusion, take 1.5 tbsp. tablespoons of chopped plant materials. Then fill it with 1 glass of boiling water. Any glassware is perfect for brewing. Cover the top with a lid and an additional towel. The medicinal infusion should be infused for 25-35 minutes.
Rinsing should only be done with warm broth. Its temperature should be very comfortable for the baby. The infusion made from medicinal herbs should not burn the mucous membranes.
Too cold or hot broth can also lead to additional trauma to the oral cavity.
To eliminate rashes caused by bacterial infections, an appointment is required antifungal agents. In most cases, these drugs are prescribed together with drugs that have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Reception of "Fluconazole" helps to cleanse the mouth from rashes. This drug is prescribed in the form of capsules or tablets, which must be taken with a sufficient amount of liquid.
Restoration of local immunity is an integral part of the treatment process. For this, various funds based on interferon. These drugs stimulate the immune cells that protect the child's body from various infections. These drugs are prescribed for a course reception. During the year, weakened babies can be given several such courses.
To clear the oral cavity from herpes sores, an appointment is required antiherpetic drugs. They can be prescribed in various forms of release. The use of these funds has been used for quite a long time. Antiherpetic drugs are prescribed only by the attending physician, as they have many undesirable side effects.
For herpes infections, doctors may prescribe Famciclovir or Valacyclovir. The dosage and duration of their use are selected individually. These drugs have a fairly strong effect. They can only be prescribed by the attending physician.
Independent use of these drugs can provoke the development of unwanted side effects in a child.
To eliminate signs of bacterial infection, an appointment is required antibacterial agents. Currently, treatment is carried out with antibiotics, which have a fairly wide spectrum of action. The use of such drugs helps to clear the oral cavity of rashes, also caused by streptococci.
Many viral infections do not require specific treatment. All adverse symptoms in this case go away on their own after the normalization of the general health of the sick baby. In this case, it is only required to carry out the prevention of secondary infections. Herbal rinses or ready-made disinfectant solutions are perfect for this.
For the causes of rash in children, see the following video.
